How to check the correctness of the Gerber file for production after PCB copying?

Why should PCB files be converted to GERBER files and drilling data after PCB copy board is submitted to PCB factory for board making?
Most engineers are accustomed to send PCB files directly to PCB factories for processing after designing, while the international popular practice is to convert PCB files into GERBER files and drill data and then hand them over to PCB factories, so why do we need to do this?

Because electronic engineers and PCB engineers do not have the same understanding of PCB, GERBER files converted by the PCB factory may not be what you want, such as your design will be the parameters of the components are defined in the PCB file, you do not want to show these parameters in the PCB finished products, you did not make a description of the PCB factory to follow the zucchini will be left on these parameters on the PCB finished products. This is just an
example. This can be avoided by converting the PCB file to a GERBER file yourself.

GERBER file is an international standard optical drawing format file, which contains RS-274-D and RS-274-X two formats, of which RS-274-D is known as the basic GERBER format, and to be accompanied by a D-code file in order to fully describe a graphic; RS-274-X is known as the expansion of the GERBER format, which itself contains a D-code information. Commonly used CAD software can generate these two formats.

How to check the correctness of the generated GERBER after PCB copying?
You can simply import these GERBER files and D-code files in the free software Viewmate V6.3 and see them on the screen or print them out on a printer.

Drill data can also be generated by various CAD programs, usually in Excellon format, and can be displayed in Viewmate. Of course, you can’t make a PCB without drill data.

Chip Decryption Service Introduction

Chip decryption process and notes:
1、Receive the IC, test the chip without problems, pay a deposit (usually half of the amount of decryption), arrange for decryption.
2、Decryption is completed, provide N+1 samples for customer testing. (N refers to the number of mother chips provided by the customer)
3、Sample test without problems, pay the balance and send the program; sample test problems, provide test equipment (with a normal motherboard, motherboard model and program must be the same as the decryption of the motherboard) for engineering test to find the cause. Indeed is a decryption problem can be re-solution or return the deposit.
4, test results try to reply within one month, six months after the feedback, the deposit is not refundable, and no longer do processing.

Warm tips:
1, if the customer reflects the sample has a problem but can not provide test equipment to us to find the reason, the deposit is not refundable.
2, decryption process are at risk, we strive to 100% success. If we fail, we are not responsible for compensation for the loss of the master piece.
3、Once the decryption is confirmed, no matter the decryption is successful or not, the master piece used for decryption will not be returned.
4、Sample confirmation OK, and has paid the balance of the project sent program, the follow-up if the customer then responds to the program has a problem, we do not assume the responsibility of refund.

What is chip decryption:
Chip decryption is also known as IC decryption, because the main chip in the formal electronic products are encrypted, directly using the programmer can not read out the program. But sometimes for some reasons, need to get the program inside the main chip of the circuit board, used for reference research study, find lost information or copy some chips, which need to do chip decryption.

How to do chip decryption?
At present, there are two practices of chip decryption:
The first, software-based, known as non-intrusive attacks, with the help of some software checksum induction and voltage current and other attack techniques can also be designed through the special software and equipment to achieve the role of data guidance so as to achieve the encryption of the chip data regeneration purposes. Such as similar to the programmer’s homemade devices, this method does not destroy the mother chip (decryption chip in the non-encrypted state);
The second, hardware-based, auxiliary software, known as the invasive attack, this method needs to peel off the mother chip (open cover or called open seal, decapsulation), and then the use of modern high-precision plasma equipment such as FIB (usually called FIB: focused ion beam), metallurgical microscope, DECABLE equipment, etc., to deal with the encrypted circuitry of the silicon chip so that it can be read on the general or specially designed programming verification equipment. Programming verification equipment to read its internal code program. This method only affects the encryption function by destroying the chip shape and structure and the chip core line, and does not change the function of the chip itself.

RayMing chip decryption advantages:

1. Adopting internationally advanced IC professional testing equipment and algorithm research software;
   2, accurate understanding of various types of IC chips and microcontroller core architecture and instruction code;
   3、Can export the complete program code inside the chip, and can conduct reverse analysis and exploration on the basis of the existing code;

Inspection Tips for Assembled PCBs

A wide variety of inspection equipment has been developed to fulfill PCB inspection requirements. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) systems are typically used to test the inner layers prior to lamination; after lamination, X-ray systems monitor alignment accuracy and small defects; and scanning laser systems provide a means of inspecting the pad layers prior to reflow. These systems, coupled with production line visual inspection techniques and component integrity testing for automated component placement, help ensure the reliability of the final assembled and soldered boards.
However, even with these efforts to minimize defects, there is still a need for final inspection of the assembled printed circuit board, which is perhaps the most important because it is the final unit for product and overall process evaluation.

Final inspection of the assembled PCB may be accomplished by manual methods or by automated systems, and is often accomplished using a combination of both methods.” Manual” refers to an operator using optical instruments to visually inspect the board and make a sound judgment about defects. Automated systems use computer-aided graphical analysis to determine defects, and are considered by many to encompass all inspection methods except manual optical inspection.
X-ray technology provides a method of evaluating solder thickness, distribution, internal voids, cracks, desoldering, and the presence of solder balls ( Markstein, 1993). Ultrasonics will detect voids, cracks, and untaped joints. Automated optical inspection evaluates external features such as bridging, amount of solder melt and shape. Laser inspection provides a three-dimensional image of external features. Infrared inspection detects internal solder joint failures by comparing the thermal signal of the solder joint with a known good solder joint.
It is important to note that it has been found that the limited inspection of assembled printed circuit boards by these automated inspection techniques cannot detect all defects. Therefore, manual visual inspection methods should always be used in conjunction with automated inspection methods, especially for those small number of applications. x-ray inspection combined with manual optical inspection is the optimal method for detecting defects in assembled boards.
Assembled and soldered printed circuit boards are prone to the following defects.
1) Missing components; 2) Component failures; and
2) Component failures; 3) Component mounting errors
3) Components with mounting errors, not aligned; and
4) Component failure
5) Poor tinning
6) Bridging.
7) Insufficient solder.
8) Formation of solder balls due to excessive soldering.
9) Formation of soldering pinholes (air bubbles).
10) Contamination.
11) Improper pads.
12) Wrong polarity.
13 ) pins floating up; ;12) wrong polarity; ;13) pins floating up; ;14 ) pins sticking out too far
14 ) Pins sticking out too far; and
15) Cold solder joints occurring.
16) Excessive solder.
17) Solder voids.
18) There are blow holes.
19)Poor structure of the inner circle filler of the printed wires.

Which PCB copy board products can and cannot be copied?

Before the PCB copy board must need professional personnel to copy the board for evaluation, mainly to see what the board is used for, the function of the copy before you need to confirm whether there is IC procurement is not, whether there is a need to decrypt IC, IC can be decrypted at present, general DSP,

CPLD and other large-scale integrated circuits decryption is relatively difficult, or the price is relatively high, but also need to confirm to copy the instrumentation is a high degree of precision or the product needs to be adjusted by the product factory by prod。

PCB copy board innovation drive and independent research and development rational use of

The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee called for the enhancement of the new power of innovation drive, and General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the implementation of the innovation-driven strategy can not wait, can not wait and see, and can not slacken. The so-called PCB copy board innovation drive, is not not support independent innovation, but through PCB copy board in control of the existing advanced technology on the basis of re-innovation. If the enterprise has capital, technology, talent, to the unknown high-tech exploration, and independent innovation, the government should be strongly advocated and given support; and start from scratch small and medium-sized enterprises, obviously, but also with the help of external forces to innovation and drive the development of PCB copy board reverse innovation means, can quickly promote the transformation and upgrading of the local electronic products.

　　The industry’s concern about PCB copy boards urgently need quality certification.

　　Due to the deep-rooted culture of “copycat” and inadequate protection of intellectual property rights, the industry still has many concerns about PCB copy boards. To the glass substrate, for example, panel makers actually have sufficient incentive to use PCB copy board secondary development of domestic glass substrate, because of the relatively cheap price of domestic glass substrate can make it in the fully competitive LCD panel market to maintain a certain level of gross profit. But in recent years, the downstream panel factory on the use of domestic glass substrate is very little, the reason is not unwilling to use, but the quality of its still have doubts. And this is why the market is so concerned about the downstream PCB quality certification results.

　　ISO dual-soft certification of high-tech PCB copy board manufacturers

　　As the first batch of high-tech enterprises approved by the State Council, RayMing Technology has been the only boutique manufacturing factory with dual-soft certification in the field of PCB copy boards for many years, and the factory is also equipped with ISO9002 quality system and ISO14000 environmental protection certification.Although RayMing PCB copy boards play a latecomer’s advantage, they are positioned at the high-end, directly connecting to the international first-class technology, except for In addition to advanced manufacturing equipment, RayMing also makes full use of the resources of the headquarter, absorbing the latest design standards and concepts from the research institutes and expert teams established in Beijing and Guangdong, so that it can be used as the basic platform for PCB modification and secondary development of software and hardware, realizing the internationalization of product quality, and enhancing the competitiveness of the products. The production line of the glass substrate that has already been put into production comprehensively adopts the precise measurement technology, original and efficient repair technology, installation, fast modular structure, user-friendly and easy-to-use technology. The glass substrate production line has been put into production with precise measurement technology, original and efficient rework technology, fast modular structure, humanized intelligent control system, and completely internationalized supporting equipment, which is among the best in the international and domestic industry in terms of both scale and technical level.

Circuit board copy board electro-hydraulic servo horizontal tensile testing machine

Shenzhen RayMing is the domestic first-class reverse technology research high-tech enterprises, over the years has been on 1000 thousand customers to provide high-quality PCB copy board and chip decryption services, if you need to similar electro-hydraulic servo horizontal tensile tester and other equipment and instruments for copy board, please quickly with the Shenzhen RayMing pcb copy board company to contact.

Electro-hydraulic servo horizontal tensile testing machine features:

1. Mainly used for anchor chain, steel wire rope, cable, cable and other long, soft specimens for tensile force and tensile strength test, the whole machine by the horizontal host, the hydraulic source, the computer control acquisition and processing system is composed of. By the full digital controller, electro-hydraulic servo valve and computer control unit composed of closed-loop control system, can accurately control and measure the whole process of the test.
2. The main machine consists of loading frame components, actuator, fixed/mobile beam components, specimen clamping system components, dynamic beam drive system components and protective net. According to the user test requirements equipped with special clamping system or special fixture.
3. It has two control channels for load and displacement, and two corresponding control modes, which can be randomly switched between the control modes, and the PID intelligent parameters can be adjusted online.
4. Anchor chain detection can be automatically transported, automatically clamped or loosened, automatically segmented continuous stretching.
5. Adopting stepless speed regulation, it can realize equal rate load and displacement control and constant load and displacement control.
6. All operations are completed by the mouse and keyboard, the precision of equal-rate control is ±1% (set value), the precision of the test force is 1 level, and the measuring range is 2-100%.
7. The test software is programmed in Vc++ language and can work under various operating systems of Windows, with a powerful database and a variety of interfaces for the user to choose from to realize the local network communication, software upgrades can be transmitted through E-ail. Computer screen timely display test curve and characteristic point measurement, according to the need for timely printout.
8. With overpressure, overload, oil temperature, emergency stops and other protective measures, equipped with brand-name computers and printers.
9. Can also manufacture terminal and low-end products, namely, microcomputer screen display type and digital display type, the function of the situation, please see the introduction of the relevant test machine.

PCB copy board on the localization of the development of reducer

It is understood that in recent years, due to the industrial robots with its can be a long time to repeat operations, in dangerous, harsh environments and other advantages, so that the government and the industry more and more attention to the robotics industry. Although China is a large country of labor, but with the demographic dividend inflection point, the rising cost of manpower, industrial robots will continue to expand the prospects for the use of space. Although the difficulties of independent research and development of industrial robots, but the dawn of hope is still flashing out, because some of the national consciousness, know how to use PCB copy board innovation and upgrading of the domestic reverse engineering enterprises such as RayMing Technology Co., Ltd. has successfully overcome the reducer of the robot’s key core components, and greatly accelerated the process of domestication of industrial robots.

　　The gap between domestic industrial robots and measures to make up for it

　　According to RayMing technology copy board experts analysis, caused by China’s industrial robot market profits are low and difficult to realize the localization of the reasons, on the one hand, China’s robotics research started late, although China’s research institutions are catching up, but the overall gap between the advanced level and foreign countries and one or two decades; on the other hand, the reducer of the robot joints, the key components can not be localized, and generally rely on the import. imported. If our country can digest and absorb foreign advanced technology through PCB copy board, and their own secondary innovation research and development manufacturing robot body precision devices, will greatly accelerate the process of robot research and development, shorten the gap with foreign countries, to achieve rapid industrial upgrading.

　　PCB copy board related concepts and innovative applications

　　PCB copy board, that is, circuit board copy board, it is an advanced means of reverse research, through professional technical equipment and personnel, can be a complete copy of the circuit board design of foreign electronic products, and therefore can be short-term mastery of foreign core technology. Not only that, the circuit board copy board can also carry out the secondary development of hardware and software functions, according to the customer needs PCB change board, product customization and development, modify the parameters, colors and functions of the product, and quickly realize the development of new products. This technology was introduced into the country, was quickly applied, has helped countless small and medium-sized enterprises to realize the technological leap.

　　PCB copy board for the localization development of reducer

　　The same road, for the current domestic precision reducer is still in the sample test period, there has not been a large-scale industrial applications, and imports of whole industrial robots will weaken the status quo of domestic demand. China can first introduce a small number of high-end reducer PCB copy board reverse research, master its material selection, configuration design, sample testing and other basic knowledge, and then digested and absorbed after the continuous cycle of optimization, to make important product upgrades, and with the customer to find the positioning of the local market, localization development.

　　Of course, copy board technology is also a need to accumulate experience in the industry, not who want to do can do, without enough technical accumulation inevitably limited by the eye, it is easy to go into the wrong area of poor quality cottage. RayMing Technology, as a domestic veteran PCB copy board enterprise, has decades of rich experience in medical electronics, industrial control equipment, communications equipment, radio and television equipment, military equipment, automotive electronics, Household electronics and other industries have successfully launched countless innovative products. In recent years, the localization of imported equipment has also achieved a lot of results, and the successful copy board of the speed reducer is just one of the examples.RayMing Technology’s spirit of overcoming foreign technical barriers and secondary innovation will lay a solid technical foundation for the large-scale popularization of industrial robots, and bring a broad prospect for the further development of the national speed reducer manufacturing industry.

Apple R & D center settled in Shenzhen, the PCB industry will cause those effects?

Apple CEO Cook valued Shenzhen’s two major advantages: the city’s spirit of innovation and a large number of excellent talents in application development.

　　So Apple set up a R & D center in Shenzhen, PCB industry will cause those effects?

　　First of all, Apple’s hard and soft board orders for all PCB / FPC companies are the meat and potatoes, and become a member of the Apple supply chain for PCB / FPC companies not only means lucrative, but also a symbol of high quality. Apple set up a R & D center in Shenzhen, Shenzhen PCB / FPC enterprises close contact, will certainly stimulate the PCB / FPC manufacturers to make every effort to improve the quality of their own products, which in turn will be PCB / FPC materials and equipment to put forward higher requirements, thereby stimulating the quality of the entire PCB industry to enhance the quality of the board, as well as the formation of a kind of benign competition, to promote the development of the industry.

　　At the same time, Apple’s R & D center in Shenzhen, can provide at least 200,000 employment opportunities, will attract a large number of technical personnel to deep, the inflow of talent on the PCB / FPC enterprises can not be underestimated, will accelerate the enterprise’s technological innovation and product innovation.

　　Again, Apple’s R&D center settled in Shenzhen, in line with the principle of local materials, will increase the demand for inland PCB/FPC, stimulate domestic demand and promote the development of PCB/FPC industry.

　　Shenzhen RayMing Technology Co., Ltd. is currently the only company in the copy board industry with high-tech qualifications, from its inception to the present, has been specializing in PCB boards and chip decryption technology services. RayMing has been specialized in PCB and chip decryption technical services since its establishment. Since the development of Shenzhen RayMing, on the basis of having the most advanced high-tech equipments, it has also slowly formed a team of skilled, professional and efficient experts in research and development, RayMing copy board is to its professional and responsible industry image within the industry and consumer market to win unanimous praise.

PCB copy board greatly reduces the enterprise’s R&D investment

As we all know, PCB copy board greatly reduces the R&D cost of enterprise products and shortens its R&D cycle, so that the enterprise can occupy the market quickly.

　　For small and medium-sized enterprises that already have a certain scale and strength, taking the lead in PCB copying is innovation, and being able to carry out an effective pre-emptive PCB copying campaign in the case of technical asymmetry, information asymmetry, consumption asymmetry, space and time asymmetry is innovation! There is no need to invest much in R&D or develop your own management system at that stage yourself. Find the most informative benchmark product for you, take the lead in copying the board, you can get a certain stage of the market leading edge, such enterprises do not necessarily have their own R & D department, but must have their own market intelligence analysis system, able to study the relevant industry, to find the first to copy the board of the object.

　　In the copy board enterprise, Shenzhen RayMing Technology will according to the characteristics of electronic products, the objective needs of consumers to optimize the design, PCB change board, through the copy board has similar electronic objects or circuit board for PCB files, BOM list, SCH schematic files and other technical information of the full set of extraction, and then analyze the research, study and digest, will be their own entrepreneurship less detour to bring great help. Thus, enterprises can produce products with superior performance and more powerful functions. And, Shenzhen RayMing Technology can also overcome the shortcomings of similar foreign products by checking the gaps, and at the same time, through the comparison with others’ products, we can also know the shortcomings of our own product design, so as to design a more excellent product. According to the habits of domestic consumers to improve product features, enhance the core competitiveness of the product.

　　A successful electronic product or circuit board itself has advanced technology, effective high-speed SI and electromagnetic compatibility design, is an organic combination. Want to copy, follow the gourd, or change the board for secondary development, not only on their own resources and ability requirements are high, but also to fully understand the various internal elements and conditions, otherwise you can only draw a tiger, PCB copy board itself is a need to hammer and change, otherwise it is difficult to realize the development of an effective change of the board. Shenzhen professional copy board company RayMing Technology believes that PCB copy board change board to be divided into stages, innovation should also be divided into stages, must be adapted to the time, according to the local conditions, according to the person.

Chip decryption and PCB copy board has what kind of dependence?

If we mention the reverse research technology nowadays, I think there are two other terms that will surely appear in our mind they are the so-called PCB copy board and the so-called chip decryption. Why? Because at present, the more hot reverse research technology is these two.

　　In fact, PCB copy board with the chip, the two are more like the relationship between the lips and teeth, think about it is, PCB copy board is like the chip’s habitat, without this habitat, the chip can only be wandering around, and can not play their own role. Chip is like a PCB copy board command, play a variety of commands, it can be said that if there is no chip this command, PCB copy board is also a piece of loose sand, play no role. In terms of the scope of application, it can be seen that the chip decryption is often used in PCB copy board, but PCB copy board is used in various aspects of electronic products, in fact, from the role of the command above we can see that the chip decryption will inevitably be used in the PCB copy board this piece.

　　Chip decryption process with the PCB copy board process, I personally feel that the PCB copy board in the manufacturing process will be more complex, because whether it is the beginning of a clear record of the original PCB copy board of the specific components where the location of the original, or including in the back of the specific parameters to be clear to set up the model also, are required to do very seriously, if one of the links have a appear If there is a mistake in one of the links, then it may lead to all the results of the loss. It is for this reason that I feel that PCB copy boards are more complex than chip decryption in the production process.

　　Sometimes the chip decryption is also very important, if your company everyone is waiting for the results of the chip decryption, without this result, all the efforts of all the people are in vain, it can be said that the chip decryption is essential.

　　After we know the real understanding of the chip decryption and PCB copy board, we will know that the relationship between the two of them is actually indispensable, leaving each other’s two will not have much effect, and only in the case of the two work closely together, you can play the role of each other’s maximum. So when we look at them both, is not more important to who is the basis for judgment, for the two best judgment is interdependent, interdependent.